Learn How Domain Name Servers (DNS) work

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Domain Name Servers (DNS) are considered as an integral part of the Internet. DNS, the worldwide network of servers, is not at all updated by any organization. Each and every machine of DNS has a unique address, IP address, having 32 bit number. IP addresses is expressed as 4 octets for example 199.254.100.8, whose process is reckoned as “dotted decimal Notation".

IP address of the websites is very difficult to remember, we want to visit again and again. But, we can remember the websites with their domain names, URLs. The DNS keeps a track of the IP addresses as well as the names.
A game of numbers and names

Domain Name Servers (DNS), distributed database, transform the machine names like www.abc.com to IP addresses like 199.254.100.8. When DNS maps the IP address to the machine name, then it is renowned as reverse mapping. When you search for the URL, www.abc.com into the search engines, the browser looks for the IP address of the URL using a directory service and this service is DNS. So, your machine contacts a DNS server to seek the IP address of the searched URL. Then, this DNS server makes contact with other DNS servers of the Internet.
All about three letter codes

A DNS server runs the DNS software and one of the high popular softwares among them is BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) DNS. The root of the system is called the top, refereed as '.'. Seven immediate sub domain nodes, come under the root, are 'com', 'org', 'gov', 'mil', 'net', 'edu', 'Int', etc.

Parts of DNS:
DNS is comprised of two components, one is Nameserver and other is Resolver.

Nameserver:
Only one Nameserver is found for a group of machines. Nameserver is responsible for searching the names. If on one Nameserver, the required information is not present, then it contacts to others to look out for the information. Nameservers are well acquainted with the process of contacting the root nameserver that also knows about every authoritative nameserver.

There are three types of nameservers:

•Primary nameserver
•Secondary nameserver: Designed to serve backup purposes
•Caching nameserver: Resolve name queries without maintaining any DNS database files.

Resolver:
Resolver works on the client's machine for initiating DNS lookups. Basically, Resolver is comprised of the list of nameservers to use.

Six Quick Tips to Recover Deleted Files From a Server

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A server facilitates the users to store information, protect important documents, files, etc. and share them among the computers. Acting like a mainframe, a server gives the base of easy and smooth sharing of the information by connecting multiple computers with each other. A user can rely on a server for data storing and sharing. But, what happens if someday that data is accidentally deleted! Yes, and that too without any back up. The worst thing of data deleting from the server is that it does not even go to the recycle bin.

Worried! Yes, it is time to be. But there is always a key of solution for the lock of problem. Given below are six quick tips of retrieving lost data from the server. Just follow them and get your deleted data back:

1. Start the retrieving process by going back to the location on the server, where you saved the file. If you are not able to remember the exact location, follow steps two and three on varied folders present on the server until you find the exact location.
2. After finding the exact location of the file, right click on that folder. Select the option of "Properties" and a dialog box will open.
3. Now, browse the "Previous Versions" tab. After that, double click on the most recent version of the folder. Remember that the folder should be the same that contained the missed file. As you click on it, a long list of files appears. These files are the same that were in that folder at the time of losing data. Find your file from the list.
4. In some cases, "Previous Versions" tab is not present. If that is the case with you, it means that your server has disabled “Shadow Copies". Contact your IT administrator to make it enable.
5. As soon as you detect your missed file, right-click on it and choose the option of "Copy." Select the location, where you want to store the file and paste it there.
6. Do check it for its proper functioning by double clicking on it. If it is opening properly, close the "Properties" dialog box. As this is the copy pasted version of the previous file, so recently made changes might not be there in the file.

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